The publications would be denoted to
tactical acceptance, choice of tools and methods for practical realization in
industry of cleaner production concepts is obviously insufficiently.
In the base of practical CP work is
necessary a system analysis - known and broadly method used for the searching an
optimum solving. System is decomposing on vertical to have the collection of
levels of hierarchy of object. It's important to count the next:
·
Each hierarchical level of
decomposed system, the set of which and
will form technical system, being acts in two faces - as
above level for underlying level and simultaneously sublevel for
superincumbent level,
·
Each level is connected with underlying
level and sublevel with direct and inverse connection,
·
Each level has indicative
single-line size and own fluctuation frequency,
·
Acting
to system will be the most effectively on limiting hierarchy level,
·
Influence
to the system will turn out to be the most efficient, if frequency and influence
amplitude will correspond indicative parameters on limiting hierarchical level.
Then CP algorithm will look as a sequence of
following actions:
1.
Hierarchy
level determination and technical system decomposition.
2.
Definition
of limiting/limitings hierarchical level/levels. Herewith reasonable move on the
hierarchical stairway from top to bottom and use methods of expert evaluations.
3.
Choice
of CP methods depending on the limiting level scale (defining size)
corresponding with parameters of influence method to the system from the
database.
Database for different hierarchical
system levels is provided in [5].
The range of chosen CP methods thus
can be extremely wide - from the waste neutralization
by using of the most ecologically
sparing methods to waste utilization, recirculation of collateral products - and
before work on lowest molecular (or permolecular structures) level (for example,
heterogenization of phases,
use of selective catalysts, in particular immobilized ferments, organization of
RSPs and others).
Experience of practical work on realization of this
algorithm has shown, that:
·
The movement on a vertical
from above downwards corresponds to known reception of movement from " the
end of a pipe " in a direction to a source of formation harmful pollution,
·
With reduction of scale of
a chosen limiting level the overall performance on increase of cleanliness of
technological process grows,
·
Work at the stage of
formation of a target product, for example, in a zone of chemical reaction on a
molecular level is the most
effective,
· Such methods as chemical recirculating, heterogenization, organization of RSPs are the most effective on a molecular level.
DSc., Prof. William Zadorsky,
Academician of the Ukrainian Ecological Academy,
Ukrainian State University of Chemical Engineering.
Pridneprovie Cleaner Production Center
Tel: +(380) 567 440210
Tel/fax: +(380) 562 470813
http://www.crosswinds.net/~usuce/index.html
http://www.incubator.f2s.com
http://zadorsky.com